{"id":335,"date":"2022-10-12T08:58:23","date_gmt":"2022-10-12T08:58:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/?p=335"},"modified":"2022-10-12T10:30:15","modified_gmt":"2022-10-12T10:30:15","slug":"quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/","title":{"rendered":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y"},"content":{"rendered":"

1<\/strong>. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u00a0c<\/strong>h\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong>
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ngd\u00e2u t\u00e2ytr\u1ed3ng\u00a0 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1, M\u1ef9 th\u01a1m (Pajero), Langbiang\u2026 v\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1i che l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng Newzealand v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Akihime.
\n– Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y t\u00e2y (c\u00e2y\u00a0 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 30-36 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y\u00a05-12cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 1,5-2,5mm, s\u1ed1 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt 6-12, c\u00e2y kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecb h\u00ecnh, ng\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi D\u00e2u t\u00e2y (c\u00e2y t\u1eeb ng\u00f3)\u00a0y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u00a014-17\u00a0ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y\u00a08-12cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 1,5-2,5mm, s\u1ed1 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt 6-12, c\u00e2y kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecb h\u00ecnh, r\u1ec5 ch\u1edbm \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ea7u, ng\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.
\n– Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y d\u00e2u t\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh theo 2 c\u00e1ch: C\u1ea5y m\u00f4: C\u00e2y con s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u cao, ph\u00e1t huy \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng, s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfe, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh.T\u00e1ch c\u00e2y con t\u1eeb ng\u00f3 c\u00e2y m\u1eb9: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1eb9. C\u00e2y con kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea5y m\u00f4. Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean l\u1ea5y c\u00e2y con t\u1eeb t\u00e1ch ng\u00f3 c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 01 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng. Gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb ng\u00f3: 66% v\u00e0 Gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u00f4: 34%.<\/p>\n

2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb\u00a0 gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u t\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 x\u01a1 d\u1eeba, tr\u1ea5u hun, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh, Supe l\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea1m ure, ch\u1ebf\u00a0 ph\u1ea9m Trichoderma v\u00e0 v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t. C\u00e1ch \u1ee7 gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3: \u1ee6 750 kg x\u01a1 d\u1eeba (\u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1t) + 250 kg tr\u1ea5u+ 500 kg\u00a0 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh + 50 kg Supe l\u00e2n + 02 kg men Trichoderma + 10 kg v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t. Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7: l\u00e0 10 ng\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m: 01 vi\u00ean Nano + 2 kg \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt m\u00eda + 1 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc (tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee7 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ng\u00e0y) pha v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng phuy 200 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m, n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t tay th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9 ra tay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ee7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1,5 th\u00e1ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

3.Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1ng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eaft m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u00e1ng r\u1ed9ng 40 cm, s\u00e2u 35cm. L\u00e0m d\u00e0n cao kho\u1ea3ng\u00a0 0,5 \u2013 0,6 m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, khung \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft, khung h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 1,5 \u2013 2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 khung, m\u1ed7i khung ch\u1ee9a 01 m\u00e1ng m\u1ed7i m\u00e1ng tr\u1ed3ng hai h\u00e0ng d\u00e2u tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd. Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 35.000 c\u00e2y\/ha, tr\u1ed3ng theo ki\u1ec3u nanh s\u1ea5u, m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt. Tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3), \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p h\u1ebft b\u1ea7u r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u c\u00e2y con.<\/p>\n

4.Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

– C\u00e2y d\u00e2u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i. Ngo\u00e0i NPK, c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u00e2u. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 d\u00e2u t\u00e2y trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e2n, l\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m cao; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n v\u00e0 kali th\u1ea5p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e2y ra hoa c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n v\u00e0 kali cao, \u0111\u1ea1m th\u1ea5p; trong khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n Kali cao, \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 l\u00e2n th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00e2y sau thu ho\u1ea1ch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1m, l\u00e2n, kali c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i.
\n– Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u chuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean d\u00e2u t\u00e2y: b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho d\u00e2u t\u00e2y c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2u t\u00e2y. – Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n b\u1ed5 sung acid Boric v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 trong dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb 0,7 -0,9 ppm b\u00f3n l\u1ea7n 1 khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra hoa, l\u1ea7n 2 sau l\u1ea7n 1 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, l\u1ea7n 3 sau l\u1ea7n 2 v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian 1 tu\u1ea7n.
\n– Chu k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2u t\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 2 \u2013 2,5 n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb 1- 2 n\u0103m.Sau khi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kho\u1ea3ng 1 \u2013 1,5 th\u00e1ng c\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ra hoa cho qu\u1ea3.\u00a0Chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u00e2u thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00e1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 02 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n.\u00a0Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ra hoa, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.
\n– B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00f3n \u00edt nh\u01b0ng b\u00f3n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t d\u1ee5c, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ed9i thu, chu k\u1ef3 ra tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u00e2u.\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 t\u00ean trong Danh m\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n

5. T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>
\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan, n\u01b0\u1edbc su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n, kh\u00f4ng s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c tha\u0309i, n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ao tu\u0300, \u01b0\u0301 \u0111o\u0323ng l\u00e2u nga\u0300y.\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f9a h\u00e8 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp th\u00eam h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 m\u00e0ng gi\u00fap c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t.\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y d\u00e2u n\u1ebfu \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e2y d\u00e2u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m, nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

6. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong>
\n– \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean ng\u1eaft b\u1ecf ch\u00f9m hoa b\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t d\u1ee5c.Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thu ho\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00ean c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khung t\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hoa tr\u00e1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y n\u1ebfu n\u1ee5, hoa, tr\u00e1i ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng n\u1ee5, hoa, tr\u00e1i d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec n\u00ean c\u1eaft b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u00f3.
\n– Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u khi th\u00e2n l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ch\u01b0a ph\u1ee7 lu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00f3 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 15 cm (5\u00a0–\u00a06 ng\u00f3\/c\u00e2y). \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2y ban \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ng\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2m r\u1ec5 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng.\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e2y d\u00e2u c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 3-4 th\u00e2n\/g\u1ed1c. Do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, ra l\u00e1 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ec9a b\u1edbt c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, l\u00e1 b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ec9a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y sau khi c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 \u1edf xa v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

7. S\u00e2u h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb:<\/strong>
\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecf\u00a0<\/strong>(<\/strong>Tetranycus Urticae)<\/em>:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 non \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00e1nh t\u1ebb.\u00a0Nh\u1ec7n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00edch h\u00fat d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e1 l\u00e0m cho m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng loang l\u1ed5 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m, h\u01a1i n\u00e2u \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecbn \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ec7n sinh s\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t nhanh, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c con tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00e1, l\u00e0m cho t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4 ch\u00e1y.\u00a0Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecf th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.\u00a0C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb nh\u1ec7n Nissorun, Comite, Ortus, Oram\u00edte,\u2026
\n– B\u1ecd tr\u0129:\u00a0(Thrip tabaci)\u00a0<\/em>g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean hoa l\u00e0m cho qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u00fang c\u00f2n h\u1ea1i l\u00e1, b\u00fap non v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m c\u00e2y suy ki\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch. Hoa b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u00e1i non v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u b\u1ecb l\u1ed3i ra, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u b\u1ecb r\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eb9 th\u00ec c\u00e2y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u1ebfu c\u00e2y v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec b\u1ecd tr\u0129 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u00e2u.\u00a0Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, t\u1ec9a b\u1edbt l\u00e1 gi\u00e0, thu gom ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y t\u00e0n d\u01b0.
\n– S\u00ean, nh\u1edbt (Helix aspersa<\/em>)\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng khi tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 ch\u1ebft, nilon, \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng. V\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y m\u01b0a \u1ed1c s\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1edbt b\u00f2 ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\u00a0Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb l\u00e0\u00a0lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u00e2u th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, tr\u00e1nh \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh canh t\u00e1c t\u1ec9a l\u00e1, thu tr\u00e1i n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00ean, nh\u1edbt ph\u1ea3i thu b\u1eaft. Thu gom to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 g\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1\u2026tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u00ean nh\u1edbt. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng can nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 h\u00f2a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3 bia ho\u1eb7c s\u1eefa chua \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby s\u00ean nh\u1edbt tr\u00ean v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

8. B\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb:<\/strong>
\n8.1. B\u1ec7nh r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd tr\u00ean c\u00e2y d\u00e2u t\u00e2y:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft: N\u1ebfu tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecb hoa s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hoa c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, n\u1ebfu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh hoa s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hoa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t l\u00e0m cho hoa b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1, ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c h\u00f3a n\u00e2u, c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

b) C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng cao, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, tr\u00ean l\u00e1 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

c) M\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 g\u00e2y d\u1eadp l\u00e1, hoa, qu\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, c\u00e2y b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft n\u00e2u tr\u00ean l\u00e1 do c\u00e2y b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

d) R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea1m: L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1m l\u00e1, qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf, c\u00e2y cho ra \u00edt ng\u00f3, l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u cam ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf, l\u00e0 non nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t. Th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3, c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea1m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

– Kali: C\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu kali l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u00e9o, l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, qu\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng Bicarbonate kali phun l\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam kali cho c\u00e2y; Cung c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e2n kali cho c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 KNO3<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

– Boron: Thi\u1ebfu Bo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ed7 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb teo l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u00f9i v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Bo r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n. Khi m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u hoa c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n th\u00ec m\u00f4 qu\u1ea3 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng. Boron c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5, v\u00ec v\u1eady thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t Boron c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y d\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p thu t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

– Canxi: Khi l\u00e1 c\u00f2n non v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a tr\u1ea3i ra, \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00fat c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u00f4, v\u00ec v\u1eady khi l\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00fat b\u1ecb xo\u1eafn l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y d\u00e2u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 nhanh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea5p thu canxi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7t d\u00f9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi trong \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00f4, l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 canxi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– Thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf: D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang thu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u c\u00e2y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed1c ti\u1ec1n n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c h\u1eadu n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

e) B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1ng (Physiological)<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: khi tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u chin, tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb d\u00e2u. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m qu\u00e1 cao c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y, u \u00e1m.<\/p>\n

8.2.C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) B\u1ec7nh x\u00ec m\u1ee7 l\u00e1: (Xanthomonas fragaria<\/em>)<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m nh\u1ecf s\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ban \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1. L\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh t\u00e1i khi \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: Vi khu\u1ea9n lan t\u1eeb c\u00e2y n\u00e0y sang c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 sang l\u00e1 non do s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c do t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau. Vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua c\u1eeda kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm l\u1eadt m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 l\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee7 ch\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh. B\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft t\u1ec9a nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu gom \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t, ch\u00f4n xa ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 r\u01a1m c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a, gi\u1eef cho ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e2u lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt).<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

b) B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf: (Mycosphaerella fragariae<\/em>)<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: Ban \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean l\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n m\u00e0u t\u00eda, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 3-6mm. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1m c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng, ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7ng m\u00e0u t\u00edm bao quanh \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0u nh\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. B\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0o t\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y qua c\u00e2y m\u1edbi do s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a to. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ea9m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: T\u1ec9a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f4n \u1edf xa ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t. Tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m b\u1eafn to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a. T\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

c) B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng: (Sphaerotheca macularis<\/em>)<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: Ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ed9t tr\u1eafng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y sau m\u1eb7t l\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 th\u00e2n, hoa, v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. L\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f2n l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 sau m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd h\u00e9o kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 theo gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ea5m t\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9, ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, n\u1ea5m v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u00e0n che nilon h\u01a1n l\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. N\u1ea5m ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng l\u00e2y lan r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y th\u1ea5t thu l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i. B\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ra hoa, k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, ng\u1eaft t\u1ec9a th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e2n l\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111em ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 \u1edf xa ru\u1ed9ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh, lu\u00e2n canh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

D\u00e0n che d\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i cao, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng cao tr\u00e1nh \u00fang v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n kali cho c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

d) B\u1ec7nh m\u1ed1c x\u00e1m: Th\u1ed1i tr\u00e1i do Botrytis cinerea<\/em><\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: N\u1ea5m Botrytis ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u s\u00e1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ed1c x\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Hoa v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i non c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb kh\u00f4. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch tr\u1eef tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e2y lan.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: M\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00e1, tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f2n x\u00f3t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan b\u1edfi gi\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i ra m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ru\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh m\u1ed1c x\u00e1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb. Thu d\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f4n xa \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0n ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng r\u01a1m ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n tr\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng cao r\u00e1o, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t, l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng cao. B\u00f3n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i NPK, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng Kali trong v\u1ee5 m\u01b0a. Lu\u00e2n canh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Gi\u1eef cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng d\u00e2u lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o. Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 thu ho\u1ea1ch n\u00ean b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 2-40<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: Trong th\u1eddi gian \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa 2 l\u1ea7n phun t\u1eeb 3-4 ng\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd 1 l\u1ea7n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh. Phun k\u1ef9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u00f9m tr\u00e1i, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hoa n\u1edf r\u1ed9 tr\u00e1nh phun x\u1ecbt thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng. Trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00ec n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

e) B\u1ec7nh cao su: Th\u1ed1i tr\u00e1i do Phytophthora cactorum<\/em><\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: C\u1ea3 tr\u00e1i non v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u. Tr\u00e1i xanh d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. Tr\u00e1i gi\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng t\u00e1i, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i n\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u01a1i m\u1ec1m. Tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4, teo nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 dai nh\u01b0 cao su.<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 m\u00f9i d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt xe v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: N\u1ea5m c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00ean tr\u00e1i do s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn t\u00f3e n\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c do tr\u00e1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7. M\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7 c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 r\u01a1m l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1edbp m\u00e0n ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn t\u00f3e n\u01b0\u1edbc. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1m kh\u00f4 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u1ecf. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh cao su m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

f) B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en (Colletotrichum acutatum<\/em>)<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: Khi tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n s\u1ea1m m\u00e0u v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u \u0111en ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00edn th\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u00e1i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111en v\u00e0 h\u00e9o.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, t\u00edch tr\u1eef, ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e2y lan l\u00e0m cho tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh: Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3 d\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh. Trong ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e2u, n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan do s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn t\u00f3e n\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c do tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a v\u00e0 thu h\u00e1i. C\u00e2y c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

g) B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i \u0111en r\u1ec5 d\u00e2u t\u00e2y<\/p>\n

– Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i: Th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m. C\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m, thi\u1ebfu s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc. C\u00e2y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc do nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao, trong ho\u1eb7c sau khi cho qu\u1ea3 r\u1ed9, hay b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean l\u00e1: L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed9c t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i r\u00eca l\u00e1 v\u00e0o sau kh\u00f4 qu\u1eaft, r\u0169 l\u00e0m c\u00e2y h\u00e9o h\u1ebft l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

R\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u00e2m \u0111en, \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch lybe c\u1ee7a trung tr\u1ee5 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i lan r\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1eaft ngang th\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed7 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng, khi c\u00e2y h\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft v\u1ebft th\u00e2m lan r\u1ed9ng h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1, l\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: Th\u1ed1i \u0111en r\u1ec5 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m, tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y n\u00ean. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh bao g\u1ed3m Rhizoctonia spp<\/em>,Pythium spp. va Fusarium spp<\/em>. Khi r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c khi ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho th\u1ed1i \u0111en g\u1ed1c bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa<\/em>: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 t\u00ean trong Danh m\u1ee5c thu\u1ed1c BVTV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

9. Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p IPM<\/p>\n

a) Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0ng \u00faa ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y, lu\u00e2n canh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c h\u1ecd, ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfe, s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc, vi sinh. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

b) Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sinh h\u1ecdc: \u00a0H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ong k\u00fd sinh c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e1, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 nh\u1ec7n, b\u1ecd \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00ecm\u2026S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n

c) Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eaby m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, b\u00f4i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1m d\u00ednh: d\u00f9ng nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng (Colophan) n\u1ea5u tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nh\u1edbt xe theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 4\/6,\u00a0 b\u1eaby Pheromone d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ru\u1ed3i cao t\u1eeb 1,5-1,8m che ch\u1eafn xung quanh v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ru\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e1, s\u00e2u, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i bay t\u1eeb v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00e1c sang<\/p>\n

d) Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4 \u0111\u00fang (\u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00fang thu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng. Phun khi b\u1ec7nh ch\u1edbm xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV khi th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n

+ Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho rau<\/p>\n

+ Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u1edbi thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n

+ \u01afu ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c sinh h\u1ecdc (thu\u1ed1c vi sinh v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c)<\/p>\n

10. Thu ho\u1ea1ch, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n sau thu ho\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– D\u00e2u t\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00edn th\u00eam sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u00e2u t\u00e2y khi qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn (tr\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u).
\n– Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u00e2u t\u00e2y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng d\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1ecd x\u00e1t l\u1eabn nhau. Tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u t\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, khi thu ho\u1ea1ch xong t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00e1i d\u00e2u t\u00e2y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb gi\u1eadp n\u00e1t khi thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd thao t\u00e1c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tr\u00e1nh gi\u1eadp n\u00e1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u00a0ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ngd\u00e2u t\u00e2ytr\u1ed3ng\u00a0 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1, M\u1ef9 th\u01a1m (Pajero), Langbiang\u2026 v\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1i che l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng Newzealand […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-ve-dau-tay"],"yoast_head":"\nQUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u00a0ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ngd\u00e2u t\u00e2ytr\u1ed3ng\u00a0 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1, M\u1ef9 th\u01a1m (Pajero), Langbiang\u2026 v\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1i che l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng Newzealand [...]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100040838479976\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100040838479976\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"639\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Pari\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Pari\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"26 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Pari\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d\"},\"headline\":\"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":7181,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u00e2u t\u00e2y\"],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/\",\"name\":\"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg\",\"width\":639,\"height\":480},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/12\\\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Trang ch\u1ee7\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\",\"description\":\"L\u00c0M TH\u1eacT - H\u00c0NG TH\u1eacT - UY T\u00cdN TH\u1eacT\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d\",\"name\":\"Pari\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/xo-dua.jpg\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/xo-dua.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/xo-dua.jpg\",\"width\":960,\"height\":1280,\"caption\":\"Pari\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/xo-dua.jpg\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=100040838479976\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vattutrongtrot.net\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/pari\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p","og_description":"1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u00a0ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ngd\u00e2u t\u00e2ytr\u1ed3ng\u00a0 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1, M\u1ef9 th\u01a1m (Pajero), Langbiang\u2026 v\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1i che l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng Newzealand [...]","og_url":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/","og_site_name":"Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100040838479976","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100040838479976","article_published_time":"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":639,"height":480,"url":"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Pari","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"Pari","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"26 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/"},"author":{"name":"Pari","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#\/schema\/person\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d"},"headline":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y","datePublished":"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/"},"wordCount":7181,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#\/schema\/person\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg","articleSection":["ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u00e2u t\u00e2y"],"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/","url":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/","name":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y - Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg","datePublished":"2022-10-12T08:58:23+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-12T10:30:15+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imager_2_8036_700.jpg","width":639,"height":480},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/2022\/10\/12\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-dau-tay\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Trang ch\u1ee7","item":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"QUY TR\u00ccNH K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 CH\u0102M S\u00d3C D\u00c2U T\u00c2Y"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#website","url":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/","name":"Cung c\u1ea5p x\u01a1 d\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p","description":"L\u00c0M TH\u1eacT - H\u00c0NG TH\u1eacT - UY T\u00cdN TH\u1eacT","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#\/schema\/person\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/#\/schema\/person\/1b196111981884b1517d24caeca2ba6d","name":"Pari","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/xo-dua.jpg","url":"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/xo-dua.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/xo-dua.jpg","width":960,"height":1280,"caption":"Pari"},"logo":{"@id":"http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/xo-dua.jpg"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100040838479976"],"url":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/author\/pari\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=335"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":344,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335\/revisions\/344"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vattutrongtrot.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}